Artworks and Artists
The Holy Family with Three Hares
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The Holy Family with Three Hares,
c. 1496
Dürer, Albrecht
woodcut on laid paper
38.6 x 28 cm

Interpretation:

By filling the image with detailed content Dürer provides his viewer with an infinite amount of visual information upon which to ponder, thereby increasing the time a viewer would meditate upon the piece, and it's theme. Though plentiful, these details would not have been casually added, they would have been selected and used based on their symbolic associations.

The grouping of threes throughout the image can be interpreted as references to the trinity. Hares, which figure in the title of the image, have multiple symbolic associations. Hares can be used to represent men who put the hope of their salvation in the Christ and his Passion, they can also be symbols of lust and fertility, however, placing a white hare at the foot of the Virgin Mary is done to symbolize her triumph over lust. The gate to the far left of the image also has multiple symbolic readings, it can represent death and departure from life in this world as well as represent the entrance into heavenly paradise. Here the gate and its connecting wall create an enclosed garden, which is a symbol of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary. The crown, held above the Virgin's head by winged angels, is a symbol of victory and is widely accepted as the mark of royalty. In Christian art a crown, when positioned on the head of the Virgin Mary, indicates that she is the Queen of Heaven. Dürer's placement of the crown in this print foretells of the distinction that is soon to come.