Woodcuts are one of the earliest printing techniques, dating from the end of the 14th century. It is a relief printing technique in which the printmaker working with gouges and knives removes areas from a flat smoothed block of wood, cut on the side grain. When the block is printed the cut areas are non-printing and the uncut areas receive the ink. Since the image is reversed in printing, the design has to be reversed to print in the proper orientation.